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june 2011 doc id 2156 rev 7 1/19 19 lm124, lm224, lm324 low power quad operational amplifiers features wide gain bandwidth: 1.3 mhz input common-mode voltage range includes ground large voltage gain: 100 db very low supply current per amplifier: 375 a low input bias current: 20 na low input offset voltage: 5 mv max. low input offset current: 2 na wide power supply range: ? single supply: +3 v to +30 v dual supplies: 1.5 v to 15 v description the lm124, lm224 and lm324 consist of four independent, high gain, internally frequency- compensated operational amplifiers. they operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage. n dip14 (plastic package) d so-14 (plastic micropackage) p tssop-14 (thin shrink small outline package) q qfn16 3x3 (plastic micropackage) www.st.com
pin and schematic diagram lm124, lm224, lm324 2/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 1 pin and schematic diagram figure 1. pin connections (top view) figure 2. schematic diagram (1/4 lm124) inverting input 2 non-inverting input 2 non-inverting input 1 cc v - cc v 1 2 3 4 8 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 + output 3 output 4 non-inverting input 4 inverting input 4 non-inverting input 3 inverting input 3 - + - + - + - + output 1 inverting input 1 output 2 1 2 3 12 11 10 13 14 15 16 in1+ vcc+ nc in2 in4+ vcc- nc in 3 in1- out1 out4 in4- 1 2 3 4 12 11 10 9 13 14 15 16 5 6 7 8 in1+ vcc+ nc in2+ in4+ vcc- nc in 3 + in 3 - out 3 out2 in2- in1- out1 out4 in4-
lm124, lm224, lm324 absolute maximum ratings doc id 2156 rev 7 3/19 2 absolute maximum ratings table 1. absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter lm124 lm224 lm324 unit v cc supply voltage 16 or 32 v v in input voltage (1) -0.3 to 32 v v id differential input voltage (2) 32 v output short-circuit duration (3) infinite i in input current (4) : v in driven negative input current (5) : v in driven positive above amr value 5 ma in dc or 50 ma in ac (duty cycle = 10%, t=1s) 0.4 ma t oper operating free-air temperature range -55 to +125 -40 to +105 0 to +70 c t stg storage temperature range -65 to +150 c t j maximum junction temperature 150 c r thja thermal resistance junction to ambient (6) so14 tssop14 dip14 qfn16 3x3 103 100 83 45 c/w r thjc thermal resistance junction to case so14 tssop14 dip14 qfn16 31 32 33 14 c/w esd hbm: human body model (7) 250 v mm: machine model (8) 150 cdm: charged device model (9) 1500 1. either or both input voltages must not exceed the magnitude of v cc + or v cc - . all voltage values, except differential voltages are with respect to ground terminal. 2. differential voltages are the non-inverting input term inal with respect to the inverting input terminal. 3. short-circuits from the output to v cc can cause excessive heating if v cc > 15 v. the maximum output current is approximately 40 ma independent of the magnitude of v cc . destructive dissipation can re sult from simultaneous short- circuits on all amplifiers. 4. this input current only exists when the voltage at any of t he input leads is driven negative. it is due to the collector-base junction of the input pnp transistor becom ing forward-biased and thereby acting as input diode clamp. in addition to this diode action, there is npn parasit ic action on the ic chip. this transistor acti on can cause the output voltages of the op- amps to go to the v cc voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) fo r the time during which an input is driven negative. this is not destructive and normal output is restored for input voltages above -0.3 v. 5. the junction base/substrate of the input pn p transistor polarized in reverse must be pr otected by a resistor in series with the inputs to limit the input current to 400 a max (r = (vin - 32 v)/400 a). 6. short-circuits can cause ex cessive heating. destructive di ssipation can result from si multaneous short-circuits on all amplifiers. these are typical values given for a single layer board (exc ept for tssop, a two-layer board). 7. human body model, 100 pf discharged through a 1.5 k resistor into pin of device. 8. machine model esd: a 200 pf capacitor is charged to the spec ified voltage, then discharged directly into the ic with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 ), into pin-to-pin of device. 9. charged device model: all pins plus pac kage are charged together to the specifi ed voltage and then discharged directly to ground.
electrical characteristics lm124, lm224, lm324 4/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 3 electrical characteristics table 2. v cc + = +5 v, v cc - = ground, v o = 1.4 v, t amb = +25 c (unless otherwise specified) symbol parameter min. typ. max. unit v io input offset voltage (1) t amb = +25 c lm124-lm224 lm324 25 7 mv t min t amb t max lm124-lm224 lm324 7 9 i io input offset current t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 230 100 na i ib input bias current (2) t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 20 150 300 na a vd large signal voltage gain v cc + = +15 v, r l = 2 k , v o = 1.4 v to 11.4 v t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 50 25 100 v/mv svr supply voltage rejection ratio (r s 10 k ) v cc + = 5 v to 30 v t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 65 65 110 db i cc supply current, all amp, no load t amb = +25 c v cc = +5 v v cc = +30 v 0.7 1.5 1.2 3 ma t min t amb t max v cc = +5 v v cc = +30 v 0.8 1.5 1.2 3 v icm input common mode voltage range v cc = +30 v (3) t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 0 0 v cc -1.5 v cc -2 v cmr common mode rejection ratio (r s 10 k ) t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 70 60 80 db i source output current source (v id = +1 v) v cc = +15 v, v o = +2 v 20 40 70 ma
lm124, lm224, lm324 electrical characteristics doc id 2156 rev 7 5/19 i sink output sink current (v id = -1 v) v cc = +15 v, v o = +2 v v cc = +15 v, v o = +0.2 v 10 12 20 50 ma a v oh high level output voltage v cc = +30 v t amb = +25 c, r l = 2 k t min t amb t max t amb = +25 c, r l = 10 k t min t amb t max 26 26 27 27 27 28 v v cc = +5 v, r l = 2 k t amb = +25c t min t amb t max 3.5 3 v ol low level output voltage (r l = 10 k ) t amb = +25c t min t amb t max 520 20 mv sr slew rate v cc = 15 v, v i = 0.5 to 3 v, r l = 2 k , c l = 100 pf, unity gain 0.4 v/s gbp gain bandwidth product v cc = 30 v, f = 100 khz, v in = 10 mv, r l = 2 k , c l = 100 pf 1.3 mhz thd total harmonic distortion f = 1 khz, a v = 20 db, r l = 2 k , v o = 2 v pp , c l = 100 pf, v cc = 30 v 0.015 % e n equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 khz, r s = 100 , v cc = 30 v 40 dv io input offset voltage drift 7 30 v/c di io input offset current drift 10 200 pa/c v o1 /v o2 channel separation (4) 1 khz f 20 khz 120 db 1. v o = 1.4 v, r s = 0 , 5 v < v cc + < 30 v, 0 < v ic < v cc + - 1.5 v. 2. the direction of the input current is out of the ic. this current is essentiall y constant, independent of the state of the output so there is no change in the load on the input lines. 3. the input common-mode voltage of either input si gnal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0. v. the upper end of the common-mode voltage range is v cc + - 1.5 v, but either or both inputs can go to +32 v without damage. 4. due to the proximity of the external components, ensure that stray capacitance between these external parts does not cause coupling. c oupling can be detected because this type of capacitance increases at higher frequencies. table 2. v cc + = +5 v, v cc - = ground, v o = 1.4 v, t amb = +25 c (unless otherwise specified) (continued) symbol parameter min. typ. max. unit nv hz ----------- -
electrical characteristics lm124, lm224, lm324 6/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 figure 3. input bias current vs. ambient temperature figure 4. current limiting -55- 3 5-15 5 45 65 8 5 105 125 24 21 1 8 15 9 12 6 3 0 ib (na) am b ient temper a t u re (c) 25 temper a t u re (c) inp u t c u rrent (ma) i o + -55 - 3 5 -15 5 25 45 65 8 5105 125 90 8 0 70 60 50 40 3 0 20 10 0 figure 5. input voltage range figure 6. supply current power su pply volt a ge (v) inp u t volt a ge (v) neg a tive po s itive 05 10 15 5 15 10 po s itive su pply volt a ge (v) su pply c u rrent (ma) 0 10 20 3 0 1 2 3 4 v cc ma i d t a m b = 0c to +125c t a m b = -55c figure 7. gain bandwidth product figure 8. common mode rejection ratio am b ient temper a t u re (c) g a in ba ndwidth prod u ct (mhz) gbp (mhz) -55 - 3 5 -15 5 25 45 65 8 5105 125 1. 3 5 1. 3 0 1.25 1.2 1.15 1.1 1.05 1 0.95 0.9 fre qu ency (hz) common-mode rejection r a tio (db) 120 100 8 0 60 40 20 0 100 1k 10k 100k 1m +7.5 v 100 k e o +7.5 v 100 k 100 100 e i
lm124, lm224, lm324 electrical characteristics doc id 2156 rev 7 7/19 figure 9. open loop frequency response figure 10. large signal frequency response volt a ge g a in (db) fre qu ency (hz) 1.0 10 100 1.0k 10k 100k 1.0m 10m 140 120 100 8 0 60 40 20 0 0.1 u f 10 m vcc+ e o e i vcc+/2 vcc+ = + 3 0 v & -55c t a m b +125c vcc+ = +10 to +15 v & -55c t a m b +125c fre qu ency (hz) o u tp u t s wing (vpp) 20 15 10 5 0 1k 10k 100k 1m 100 k +15 v e o 2 k +7 v e i 1 k figure 11. voltage follower pulse response figure 12. output characteristics (current sinking) time ( s ) inp u t volt a ge (v) - o u tp u t volt a ge (v) 0 10 20 3 0 40 4 3 2 1 0 3 2 1 rl 2 k vcc+ = +15 v o u tp u t s ink c u rrent (ma) o u tp u t volt a ge (v) 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 vcc+ = +5 v vcc+ = +15 v vcc+ = + 3 0 v t a m b = +25c vcc+/2 vcc+ i o v o figure 13. voltage follower pulse response (small signal) figure 14. output characteristics (current sourcing) time ( s ) t a m b = +25c vcc+ = + 3 0 v o u tp u t inp u t e i e o 50 pf 500 450 400 3 50 3 00 250 01 2 3 45 6 7 8 o u tp u t volt a ge (mv) o u tp u t s o u rce c u rrent (ma) o u tp u t volt a ge referenced to vcc+ (v) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 110100 t a m b = +25c independent of vcc+ vcc+/2 vcc+ v o i o
electrical characteristics lm124, lm224, lm324 8/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 figure 15. input current figure 16. large signal voltage gain power su pply volt a ge (v) inp u t c u rrent (na) 100 75 50 25 0 10 20 3 0 t a m b = +25c am b ient temper a t u re (c) l a rge s ign a l volt a ge g a in avd (db) 120 115 110 105 100 -55 - 3 5 -15 5 25 45 65 8 0 105 125 figure 17. power supply and common mode rejection ratio figure 18. voltage gain am b ient temper a t u re (c) -55 - 3 5 -15 5 25 45 65 8 5105 125 power su pply & common mode rejection r a tio (db) (db) 120 115 110 105 100 95 90 8 5 8 0 75 70 s vr cmr power su pply volt a ge (v) volt a ge g a in (db) 160 120 8 0 40 0 10 20 3 0 r l = 20 k r l = 2 k
lm124, lm224, lm324 typical single-supply applications doc id 2156 rev 7 9/19 4 typical single-supply applications figure 19. ac coupled inverting amplifier f igure 20. high input z adjustable gain dc instrumentation amplifier 2 vpp if r1 = r5 and r3 = r4 = r6 = r7 e 0 = (e 2 -e 1 ) 1 2r 1 r 2 ----------- + figure 21. ac coupled non inverting amplifier figure 22. dc summing amplifier 2 vpp e 0 = e 1 +e 2 -e 3 -e 4 where (e 1 +e 2 ) (e 3 +e 4 ) to keep e 0 0v figure 23. non-inverting dc gain figure 24. low drift peak detector
typical single-supply applications lm124, lm224, lm324 10/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 figure 25. active bandpass filter figure 26. high input z, dc differential amplifier figure 27. using symmetrical amplifiers to reduce input current (general concept) fo = 1khz q = 50 av = 100 (40db) for (cmrr depends on this resistor ratio match) r 1 r 2 ------- r 4 r 3 ------- = e 0 (e 2 - e 1 ) as shown e 0 = (e 2 - e 1 ) 1 r 4 r 3 ------- + ?? ??
lm124, lm224, lm324 package information doc id 2156 rev 7 11/19 5 package information in order to meet environmental requirements, st offers these devices in different grades of ecopack ? packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ecopack ? specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com . ecopack ? is an st trademark.
package information lm124, lm224, lm324 12/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 5.1 dip14 package information figure 28. dip14 package mechanical drawing table 3. dip14 package mechanical data dimensions ref. millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a5.330.21 a1 0.38 0.015 a2 2.92 3.30 4.95 0.11 0.13 0.19 b 0.36 0.46 0.56 0.014 0.018 0.022 b2 1.14 1.52 1.78 0.04 0.06 0.07 c 0.20 0.25 0.36 0.007 0.009 0.01 d 18.67 19.05 19.69 0.73 0.75 0.77 e 7.62 7.87 8.26 0.30 0.31 0.32 e1 6.10 6.35 7.11 0.24 0.25 0.28 e2.54 0.10 e1 15.24 0.60 ea 7.62 0.30 eb 10.92 0.43 l 2.92 3.30 3.81 0.11 0.13 0.15
lm124, lm224, lm324 package information doc id 2156 rev 7 13/19 5.2 so-14 package information figure 29. so-14 package mechanical drawing table 4. so-14 package mechanical data dimensions ref. millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 1.35 1.75 0.05 0.068 a1 0.10 0.25 0.004 0.009 a2 1.10 1.65 0.04 0.06 b 0.33 0.51 0.01 0.02 c 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.009 d 8.55 8.75 0.33 0.34 e 3.80 4.0 0.15 0.15 e1.27 0.05 h 5.80 6.20 0.22 0.24 h 0.25 0.50 0.009 0.02 l 0.40 1.27 0.015 0.05 k 8 (max.) ddd 0.10 0.004
package information lm124, lm224, lm324 14/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 5.3 qfn16 3x3 package mechanical data figure 30. qfn16 3x3 package mechanical drawing
lm124, lm224, lm324 package information doc id 2156 rev 7 15/19 figure 31. qfn16 3x3 footprint recommendation table 5. qfn16 3x3 mm package mechanical data (pitch 0.5 mm) ref. dimensions millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 0.80 0.90 1.00 0.031 0.035 0.039 a1 0 0.05 0 0.002 a3 0.20 0.008 b 0.18 0.30 0.007 0.012 d 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122 d2 1.50 1.80 0.059 0.071 e 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122 e2 1.50 1.80 0.059 0.071 e 0.50 0.020 l 0.30 0.50 0.012 0.020
package information lm124, lm224, lm324 16/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 5.4 tssop14 package information figure 32. tssop14 package mechanical drawing figure 33. tssop14 package mechanical data ref. dimensions millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a1.200.047 a1 0.05 0.15 0.002 0.004 0.006 a2 0.80 1.00 1.05 0.031 0.039 0.041 b 0.19 0.30 0.007 0.012 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.0089 d 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.193 0.197 0.201 e 6.20 6.40 6.60 0.244 0.252 0.260 e1 4.30 4.40 4.50 0.169 0.173 0.176 e 0.65 0.0256 l 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030 l1 1.00 0.039 k0 80 8 aaa 0.10 0.004
lm124, lm224, lm324 ordering information doc id 2156 rev 7 17/19 6 ordering information table 6. order codes part number temperature range package packing marking lm124n -55c, +125c dip14 tube lm124n lm124d/dt so-14 tube or tape & reel 124 lm224n -40c, +105c dip14 tube lm224n lm224d/dt so-14 tube or tape & reel 224 lm224pt tssop14 tape & reel 224 lm224qt qfn16 3x3 tape & reel k425 lm324n 0c, +70c dip14 tube lm324n lm324d/dt so-14 tube or tape & reel 324 lm324pt tssop14 tape & reel 324 LM324QT qfn16 3x3 tape & reel k427
revision history lm124, lm224, lm324 18/19 doc id 2156 rev 7 7 revision history 0 table 7. document revision history date revision changes 01-oct.-2003 1 first release. 02-jan-2005 2 modifications on amr table 1 on page 3 (explanation of v id and v i limits). 01-jun-2005 3 esd protection inserted in table 1 on page 3 . 02-jan-2006 4 t j and r thjc parameters added in table 1. on page 3 . 04-oct-2006 5 editorial update. ta bl e 3 moved to section 5: macromodels on page 11 . 11-jan-2010 6 added amr values for input current in table 1 on page 3 . 30-jun-2011 7 added pin connections for qfn16 package in figure 1 on page 2 . added thermal information for qfn16 package in table 1 on page 3 . added qfn16 package information in chapter 5 . added order codes for qfn16 package in table 6: order codes . removed spice model - refer to www.st.com for latest model available.
lm124, lm224, lm324 doc id 2156 rev 7 19/19 please read carefully: information in this document is provided solely in connection with st products. stmicroelectronics nv and its subsidiaries (?st ?) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described he rein at any time, without notice. all st products are sold pursuant to st?s terms and conditions of sale. purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the st products and services described herein, and st as sumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the st products and services described herein. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. i f any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by st for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoev er of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein. unless otherwise set forth in st?s terms and conditions of sale st disclaims any express or implied warranty with respect to the use and/or sale of st products including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a parti cular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction), or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. unless expressly approved in writing by an authorized st representative, st products are not recommended, authorized or warranted for use in milita ry, air craft, space, life saving, or life sustaining applications, nor in products or systems where failure or malfunction may result in personal injury, death, or severe property or environmental damage. st products which are not specified as "automotive grade" may only be used in automotive applications at user?s own risk. resale of st products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by st for the st product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoev er, any liability of st. st and the st logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of st in various countries. information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. the st logo is a registered trademark of stmicroelectronics. all other names are the property of their respective owners. ? 2011 stmicroelectronics - all rights reserved stmicroelectronics group of companies australia - belgium - brazil - canada - china - czech republic - finland - france - germany - hong kong - india - israel - ital y - japan - malaysia - malta - morocco - philippines - singapore - spain - sweden - switzerland - united kingdom - united states of america www.st.com

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